基础nat 将私网主机的私有ip地址转换成公网ip地址,但并不将tcp/udp端口信息进行转换。基础nat一般用在当nat拥有很多公网ip地址的时候,它将公网ip地址与内部主机进行绑定,使得外部可以用公网ip地址访问内部主机。(译者注:实际上是只将ip转换,192.168.0.23 <-> 210.42.106.35,这与直接设置ip地址为公网ip还是有一定区别的,特别是对于企业来说,外部的信息都要经过统一防火墙才能到达内部,但是内部主机又可以使用公网ip)
network address/port translator (napt)
by far the most common, a network address/port translator examines and modifies both the ip address and the tcp/udp port number fields of packets crossing the boundary, allowing multiple internal hosts to share a single public ip address simultaneously.