当我将遵循ANSI标准的CREATE TABLE语句装入Postgresql的psql监控视程序是,我遇到的困难是很少的。我得到一些警告:外部关键字限制被接受但还没有实现,而且我不得不裁减RATING的COMMENT字段到255个字符,因为这是PostgreSQL的CHARACTER VARYING类型的字段的最大字段宽度。系统为存储大量数据提供BLOB数据类型,但是它们不在标准版本内,因此我决定了不使用他们。另外的问题是相当愚蠢--因为我不能找到有关PostgreSQL如何强制NUMERIC到C数据类型,也因为我不想使用float以避免舍入,我决定使得货币字段为分值(cent)的整数数字。
我最后得到了这个略有不同的脚本:
DROP TABLE BOOK;
CREATE TABLE BOOK (
ARTICLE_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
AUTHOR_FIRST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
AUTHOR_LAST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
TITLE CHARACTER(30),
ISBN CHARACTER(13) UNIQUE,
WHOLESALE_PRICE INTEGER,
RETAIL_PRICE INTEGER,
COPIES_AVAILABLE INTEGER
);
DROP TABLE CUSTOMER;
CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER (
CUSTOMER_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
FIRST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
LAST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
STREET CHARACTER(30),
HOUSE_NO SMALLINT,
POSTCODE CHARACTER(7),
TOWN CHARACTER(30),
ISO_COUNTRY_CODE CHARACTER(2)
);
DROP TABLE BOOKORDER;
CREATE TABLE BOOKORDER (
ORDER_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
CUSTOMER_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
ORDERED DATE,
DELIVERY DATE,
STATUS CHARACTER(8)
CHECK (STATUS IN (′ACCEPTED′,
′DELAYED′,
′SHIPPED′,
′RETURNED′,
′PAID′)),
CONSTRAINT CUSTOMER_FK FOREIGN KEY (CUSTOMER_NO)
REFERENCES KUNDE (KUNDENNAME)
);
DROP TABLE ORDER_POSITION;
CREATE TABLE ORDER_POSITION (
POSITION_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
ORDER_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
ARTICLE_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
NUMBER SMALLINT,
CONSTRAINT ORDER_FK FOREIGN KEY (ORDER_NO)
REFERENCES BOOKORDER (ORDER_NO),
CONSTRAINT BOOK_FK FOREIGN KEY (ARTICLE_NO)
REFERENCES BOOK (ARTICLE_NO)
);
DROP TABLE RATING;
CREATE TABLE RATING (
RATING_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
ARTICLE_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
SCORE SMALLINT,
COMMENT CHARACTER VARYING(255),
CONSTRAINT BOOK_FK FOREIGN KEY (ARTICLE_NO)
REFERENCES BOOK (ARTICLE_NO)
);
使设计适应MySQL
MySQL象PostgreSQL一样忽略外部关键字的限制,但是它搞了个UNIQUE限制。最后的脚本与PostgreSQL脚本差不多:
DROP TABLE BOOK;
CREATE TABLE BOOK (
ARTICLE_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
AUTHOR_FIRST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
AUTHOR_LAST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
TITLE CHARACTER(30),
ISBN CHARACTER(13),
WHOLESALE_PRICE INTEGER,
RETAIL_PRICE INTEGER,
COPIES_AVAILABLE INTEGER
);
DROP TABLE CUSTOMER;
CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER (
CUSTOMER_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
FIRST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
LAST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
STREET CHARACTER(30),
HOUSE_NO SMALLINT,
POSTCODE CHARACTER(7),
TOWN CHARACTER(30),
ISO_COUNTRY_CODE CHARACTER(2)
);
DROP TABLE BOOKORDER;
CREATE TABLE BOOKORDER (
ORDER_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
CUSTOMER_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
ORDERED DATE,
DELIVERY DATE,
STATUS CHARACTER(8),
CONSTRAINT CUSTOMER_FK FOREIGN KEY (CUSTOMER_NO)
REFERENCES KUNDE (KUNDENNAME)
);
DROP TABLE ORDER_POSITION;
CREATE TABLE ORDER_POSITION (
POSITION_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
ORDER_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
ARTICLE_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
NUMBER SMALLINT,
CONSTRAINT ORDER_FK FOREIGN KEY (ORDER_NO)
REFERENCES BOOKORDER (ORDER_NO),
CONSTRAINT BOOK_FK FOREIGN KEY (ARTICLE_NO)
REFERENCES BOOK (ARTICLE_NO)
);
DROP TABLE RATING;
CREATE TABLE RATING (
RATING_NO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
ARTICLE_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
SCORE NUMERIC(1,0),
COMMENT CHARACTER VARYING(255),
CONSTRAINT BOOK_FK FOREIGN KEY (ARTICLE_NO)
REFERENCES BOOK (ARTICLE_NO)
);
使设计适应 mSQL
因为mSQL是一个精简的数据库管理器(的确,有些人可能怀疑MySQL和mSQL是否是数据库管理系统),它放弃了大多数Sql的功能而仅仅接受SQL的一个严格限制的子集。这样,mSQL的脚本看上有很大不同:
DROP TABLE BOOK
CREATE TABLE BOOK (
ARTICLE_NO INTEGER NOT NULL,
AUTHOR_FIRST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
AUTHOR_LAST_NAMES CHARACTER(30),
TITLE CHARACTER(30),
ISBN CHARACTER(13),